Show Notes for May 1, 2014

• E-cigarettes
• An electronic cigarette "(e-cig or e-cigarette), personal vaporizer (PV) or electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) is a battery-powered device which simulates tobacco smoking by producing a vapor that resembles smoke. It generally uses a heating element known as an atomizer, that vaporizes a liquid solution. Some solutions contain a mixture of nicotine and flavorings, while others release a flavored vapor without nicotine."
• E-cigarettes: un écran de fumée?:  Emission A bon entendeur du 15 avril 2014
• Nouveaux mots
• vapoter: je vapote, tu vapotes, etc.
• un vapoteur
• le vapotage
• Climbing
• Daredevil or reckless? 'Russia's Spiderman' Kirill Oreshkin takes extreme selfies from Moscow's tallest buildings
• Free climbing
• Free climbing "is a specific rock climbing term that was created in contrast with aid climbing. It refers to climbs in which climbing protection such as ropes, tri-cams, nuts, and other aid-climbing equipment, may be used to protect against injury during falls, but cannot be used in ascending the climb."
• French Wikipedia "est un style d'escalade qui consiste à progresser sur une paroi sans utiliser de matériel pour s'aider, et à atteindre le sommet d'une voie d'escalade en utilisant uniquement les prises du rocher. Les protections ne servent qu'à assurer le grimpeur en cas de chute, et garantissent donc la sécurité."
• Free solo climbing / Escalade en solo intégral "Free solo climbing, also known as free soloing or in the UK simply as soloing, is a form of free climbing where the climber (the free soloist) forgoes ropes, harnesses and other protective gear while ascending, and relies only on his or her physical strength and climbing ability. Free solo climbing should not be confused with general free climbing, in which gear is typically used for safety in case of a fall, but not to assist the climb."
• Patrick Edlinger 
• English Wikipedia: "(15 June 1960 – 16 November 2012) was a professional French free climber. He died in his home at La Palud-sur-Verdon in 2012. Edlinger is considered a pioneer and a legend of sport climbing."
• French Wikipedia: "Réputé pour ses ascensions en solo intégral, il est un des pionniers de l'escalade libre de haut niveau et a été dans les années 1980 l'une des premières figures médiatiques de la discipline. […] Il meurt accidentellement d'une chute dans l'escalier le 16 novembre 2012 à son domicile de La Palud-sur-Verdon, à l'âge de 52 ans."
• Jean-Yves Michellod
• climbed Mont-Blanc May 9, 2009
• "Son Mont-Blanc" Jean-Yves Michellod sur le toit de l'Europe
• Weihenstephan: "the Benedictine Weihenstephan Abbey, founded 725, which established the oldest still operating brewery in the world (1040). […] The brewery is now a company called Bayerische Staatsbrauerei Weihenstephan (Bavarian State Brewery Weihenstephan, i.e. it is owned by the State of Bavaria)"
• Richard III Scoliosis: King May Have Had Painful Spine Treatments, Archaeologists Say
• Egypt
• The Khufu ship "is an intact full-size vessel from Ancient Egypt that was sealed into a pit in the Giza pyramid complex at the foot of the Great Pyramid of Giza around 2500 BC. The ship now is preserved in the Giza Solar boat museum. The ship was almost certainly built for Khufu (King Cheops), the second pharaoh of the Fourth Dynasty of the Old Kingdom of Egypt."
• KV62 "is the tomb of Tutankhamun in the Valley of the Kings (Egypt), which became famous for the wealth of treasure it contained. The tomb was discovered in 1922 by Howard Carter, underneath the remains of workmen's huts built during the Ramesside Period; this explains why it was spared from the worst of the tomb depredations of that time. […] the tomb took eight years to empty, the contents all being transported to the Egyptian Museum in Cairo."
• The Abu Simbel temples "are two massive rock temples in Abu Simbel in Nubia, southern Egypt. They are situated on the western bank of Lake Nasser, about 230 km southwest of Aswan (about 300 km by road). […] The twin temples were originally carved out of the mountainside during the reign of Pharaoh Ramesses II in the 13th century BC, as a lasting monument to himself and his queen Nefertari, to commemorate his alleged victory at the Battle of Kadesh. However, the complex was relocated in its entirety in 1968, on an artificial hill made from a domed structure, high above the Aswan High Dam reservoir."
• Old buildings in Europe
• L’abbaye territoriale de Saint-Maurice d'Agaune "est une abbaye située dans le canton du Valais en Suisse. Elle a été fondée en 515 […]"
• The Valère basilica "(French: Basilique de Valère), also called Valère castle (French: Château de Valère), is a fortified church situated in Sion in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.[…] The organ on the west side of the Valère basilica, believed to have been built in 1435, is one of the oldest functioning in the world."
• Florence Cathedral: "The Basilica di Santa Maria del Fiore (English: Basilica of Saint Mary of the Flower) is the main church of Florence, Italy. Il Duomo di Firenze, as it is ordinarily called, was begun in 1296 in the Gothic style to the design of Arnolfo di Cambio and completed structurally in 1436 with the dome engineered by Filippo Brunelleschi. […] The decoration of the exterior of the cathedral, begun in the 14th century, was not completed until 1887"
• Notre-Dame de Paris "also known as Notre-Dame Cathedral or simply Notre-Dame, is a historic Catholic cathedral [in]Paris, France. The cathedral is widely considered to be one of the finest examples of French Gothic architecture and among the largest and most well-known church buildings in the world. The naturalism of its sculptures and stained glass are in contrast with earlier Romanesque architecture." (started 1163)
• St. Peter's Basilica "is a Late Renaissance church located within Vatican City. Designed principally by Donato Bramante, Michelangelo, Carlo Maderno and Gian Lorenzo Bernini, St. Peter's is the most renowned work of Renaissance architecture and remains one of the largest churches in the world."